Romans 2

“A person is a Jew who is one inwardly; and circumcision is circumcision of the heart, by the Spirit, not by the written code” (2:29). Paul urged Jewish and Gentile believers to understand that they were all “loved by God and called to be his holy people” through Christ (1:7). He reminded them that “God does not show favoritism” (2:11); everyone is equally sinful and equally forgiven by Christ’s sacrifice. Passing judgment on others is dangerous, as it implies that we ourselves have no need of repentance (2:1-4).

“Circumcision of the heart” means that we put no faith in cultural signs of religion. Our true selves are laid before the Lord in repentance and faith, so the Spirit can take control.